1. Proof of the Plaintiff's Litigant Subject

A foreign national participating in litigation shall submit their passport or other identification documents.

A foreign enterprise or organization participating in litigation shall submit identity documents that have been notarized by a notarial authority in the country of origin and legalized by the Embassy or Consulate of the People's Republic of China in that country, or shall fulfill the certification procedures stipulated in the relevant treaty concluded between the People's Republic of China and that country.

A person representing a foreign enterprise or organization in litigation shall submit proof of their authority to act as the representative. This proof must be notarized by a notarial authority in the country of origin and legalized by the Embassy or Consulate of the People's Republic of China in that country, or must fulfill the certification procedures stipulated in the relevant treaty concluded between the People's Republic of China and that country.

2. Power of Attorney

(1) Conditions for Granting Power of Attorney

In foreign-related civil litigation, foreign parties may appoint a national of their own country as their litigation representative, or may appoint a lawyer from their own country to act as a litigation representative in a non-lawyer capacity. An officer of a foreign embassy or consulate in China, when entrusted by a national of their own country, may act as a litigation representative in a personal capacity but shall not enjoy diplomatic or consular privileges and immunities during the litigation.

In foreign-related civil litigation, where a national of a foreign country who is a party is not within the territory of the People's Republic of China, the embassy or consulate of that country in China may authorize its officers to act as diplomatic representatives to appoint, on behalf of that national, a lawyer of the People's Republic of China or a citizen of the People's Republic of China to represent them in the civil litigation.

(2) Notarization and Legalization

A Power of Attorney sent or submitted from outside the territory of the People's Republic of China by a foreign national, stateless person, foreign enterprise, or organization that has no domicile within the territory of the People's Republic of China, for the purpose of appointing a lawyer of the People's Republic of China or any other person to act as their litigation representative, shall become effective only after it has been notarized by a notarial authority in the country of origin and legalized by the Embassy or Consulate of the People's Republic of China in that country, or after the certification procedures stipulated in the relevant treaty concluded between the People's Republic of China and that country have been fulfilled.

If a foreign national, or the representative of a foreign enterprise or organization, signs a Power of Attorney to appoint an agent for civil litigation in the presence of a judge of the People's Court, the People's Court shall recognize it.

If a foreign national, or the representative of a foreign enterprise or organization, signs a Power of Attorney within the territory of the People's Republic of China to appoint an agent for civil litigation, and this signing is notarized by a notarial institution of the People's Republic of China, the People's Court shall recognize it.