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(Adopted at the 13th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress on December 25, 1999 and promulgated by Order No. 28 of the President of the People’s Republic of China on December 25, 1999)

Article 1 In this Convention the following words are employed with the meanings set out below: (a) “Carrier” includes the owner or the charterer who enters into a contract of carriage with a shipper. (b) “Contract of carriage” applies only to contracts of carriage covered by a bill of lading or any similar document of title, in so far as such document relates to the carriage of goods by sea,

Article I In these Rules the following words are employed, with the meanings set out below: (a) “Carrier” includes the owner or the charterer who enters into a contract of carriage with a shipper. (b) “Contract of carriage” applies only to contracts of carriage covered by a bill of lading or any similar document of title, in So far as Such document relates to the carriage of goods by sea,

PREAMBLE THE STATES PARTIES TO THIS CONVENTION， HAVING RECOGNIZED the desirability of determining by agreement certain rules relating to the carriage of goods by sea， HAVE DECIDED to conclude a convention for this purpose and have thereto agreed as follows:

The States Parties to this Convention， Reaffirming their belief that international trade on the basis of equality and mutual benefit is an important element in promoting friendly relations among States，

(Consolidated text of the Athens Convention relating to the Carriage of Passengers and their Luggage by Sea, 1974) Article1 Definitions In this Convention the following expressions have the meaning hereby assigned to them: